VACUUM DISTILLATION GLASS SET
A vacuum distillation glass set is a laboratory apparatus used to distill liquids at reduced pressure, allowing substances with high boiling points to vaporize at lower temperatures. This prevents thermal decomposition and is ideal for heat-sensitive compounds.
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The Le Chatelier Specific Gravity Bottle is a specialized glass apparatus used to determine the specific gravity (relative density) of fine materials like cement. It has a narrow neck with a graduated scale and a bulb at the bottom. The bottle accurately measures the volume displaced by a known weight of material, helping assess quality and consistency in construction materials.
A pycnometer is a laboratory device used to determine the density or specific gravity of liquids and fine solids. It is usually a small glass flask with a close-fitting stopper that has a capillary hole to allow air to escape. Pycnometers provide highly accurate measurements and are commonly used in chemistry and material science.
A stand and clamp is a basic yet essential piece of laboratory equipment used to hold and support apparatus during experiments. It provides stability and helps secure glassware or other tools in place.
Boiling flasks are used for heating and boiling of liquids. The flasks are designed to have round bodies with long, thin necks to facilitate uniform heat distribution and minimize evaporation. Boiling flasks are typically made of borosilicate glass, which is resistant to thermal shock and chemicals. Some boiling flasks have rounded or conical bottoms and need support to stand upright, while others have flat bottoms and can stand alone.
Beaker is a common laboratory container used for mixing, stirring, and heating chemicals. It is usually made of glass or plastic and has a cylindrical shape with a flat bottom and a small spout for easy pouring. Beakers come in various sizes and have volume markings, but they are not used for precise measurements.
Centrifuge tube is a cylindrical, conical-bottomed container used in laboratories to hold samples during centrifugation. Made of plastic or glass, it is designed to withstand high-speed spinning that separates components based on density. Centrifuge tubes come in various sizes (e.g., 1.5 mL, 15 mL, 50 mL) and often have screw caps or snap lids to prevent leakage during use.
A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity (relative density) of liquids. It consists of a sealed glass tube with a weighted bottom, allowing it to float upright. The level to which it sinks indicates the liquid’s density. Hydrometers are commonly used in brewing, winemaking, and battery testing.
A vacuum pump with filtration is a system used primarily in laboratories to remove air and create a vacuum for filtration processes. It helps in speeding up filtration by reducing pressure, allowing liquid to pass quickly through a filter paper.
Porcelain crucible is a small, heat-resistant container made from ceramic material, used in laboratories for heating substances to very high temperatures. It is commonly used in ash content analysis, metal melting, and chemical reactions that require intense heat. Crucibles can withstand open flames and are often used with a lid and a clay triangle during heating.
Cuvettes are small transparent containers used in spectrophotometry to hold liquid samples for absorbance or transmittance measurements. Made of glass, plastic, or quartz, they allow light to pass through the sample. Quartz cuvettes are preferred for UV light analysis. They are essential for accurate optical readings and must be handled carefully to avoid contamination or scratches.
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