Acetonitrile (CH₃CN) is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor. It is widely used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and chromatography, especially in HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). Acetonitrile is miscible with water and many organic solvents. It is toxic in high concentrations and should be handled with proper safety precautions.
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0.01N HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Hydrochloric acid 0.01N is a dilute solution of HCl with a normality of 0.01, meaning it contains 0.01 equivalents of hydrogen ions per liter. It is commonly used in titrations, laboratory experiments, and pH adjustments due to its precise acidity and low concentration, making it safe for controlled applications.
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DEIONISED WATER
Deionised water is water that has had most of its mineral ions removed, such as calcium, sodium, iron, and chloride, using ion-exchange resins. It is commonly used in laboratories, pharmaceuticals, electronics, and car batteries. While very pure, it is not suitable for drinking due to the absence of essential minerals. It differs from distilled water in its purification method.
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DISTILLED WATER
Distilled water is purified water made by boiling water into steam and condensing it back into liquid, leaving behind impurities and minerals. It’s used in labs, medical equipment, batteries, and skincare. While safe to drink occasionally, it lacks essential minerals, so it’s not ideal for regular consumption. It can be made at home using basic distillation methods.
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ETHANOL
Ethanol is a clear, colorless, volatile liquid commonly known as alcohol. Its chemical formula is C₂H₅OH. It is used as a solvent, disinfectant, and fuel additive, and in alcoholic beverages. Ethanol is produced by fermentation of sugars or synthesized chemically. It is flammable and should be handled with care. In high concentrations, it is toxic and not safe for consumption.
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HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a colorless liquid with strong oxidizing properties. It is commonly used as a disinfectant, bleaching agent, and in wound cleaning. In higher concentrations, it is used in industries like textiles, paper, and wastewater treatment. It decomposes into water and oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide should be stored in a cool, dark place and handled carefully, as it can be irritating and corrosive.
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ORP SOLUTION
ORP solution is a standard liquid with a known redox (oxidation-reduction) potential, used to calibrate ORP meters. It ensures accurate measurements of electron activity in water or chemical solutions. Commonly used in labs, water treatment, and environmental testing, it comes in specific millivolt values for reliable calibration.
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pH BUFFER SOLUTION
A pH buffer solution resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. It contains a weak acid and its conjugate base (or vice versa). Common buffer solutions include pH 4.00, 7.00, and 10.00, used to calibrate pH meters in laboratories and industry.
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SILVER NITRATE
Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) is a colorless, crystalline compound that is highly soluble in water. It is used in photography, medicine (as an antiseptic), and chemical analysis. It reacts with halides to form silver halides, useful in film production. Silver nitrate stains skin and surfaces dark brown or black upon exposure to light, and should be handled with care.
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SULPHURIC ACID
Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a strong, corrosive mineral acid that is colorless to slightly yellow. It is widely used in industries for manufacturing fertilizers, chemicals, batteries, and in petroleum refining. It is highly exothermic when mixed with water and can cause severe burns. Due to its strong acidic and dehydrating properties, it must be handled with great care.
