Hydrochloric acid 0.01N is a dilute solution of HCl with a normality of 0.01, meaning it contains 0.01 equivalents of hydrogen ions per liter. It is commonly used in titrations, laboratory experiments, and pH adjustments due to its precise acidity and low concentration, making it safe for controlled applications.
Acetone (CH₃COCH₃) is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid with a sweet, fruity odor. It is a widely used solvent in industries, laboratories, and cosmetics (e.g., nail polish remover). Acetone is miscible with water and many organic solvents. It evaporates quickly and is used for cleaning, degreasing, and in chemical synthesis. Prolonged inhalation can be harmful.
Acetonitrile (CH₃CN) is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor. It is widely used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and chromatography, especially in HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). Acetonitrile is miscible with water and many organic solvents. It is toxic in high concentrations and should be handled with proper safety precautions.
An AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is a portable medical device used to treat sudden cardiac arrest. It analyzes the heart’s rhythm and, if needed, delivers an electric shock to restore normal heartbeat. AEDs are designed for use by both professionals and trained laypersons, with voice prompts guiding the rescue process.
Agilent HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) systems are advanced analytical instruments used for separating, identifying, and quantifying compounds in a mixture. Manufactured by Agilent Technologies, these systems are widely used in pharmaceuticals, environmental testing, food safety, and chemical research. Agilent HPLCs are known for their high precision, reliability, and user-friendly software (such as OpenLab or ChemStation). Common models include the Agilent 1100, 1200, and 1260 Infinity series.
An alkalinity test kit measures the ability of water to neutralize acids, indicating the presence of bicarbonates, carbonates, and hydroxides. It typically includes a reagent, color indicator, and a titration tool. Used in water treatment, aquariums, and environmental monitoring, it helps assess water stability and buffering capacity.
An AMBU bag (Artificial Manual Breathing Unit) is a hand-held resuscitator used to provide positive pressure ventilation to patients who are not breathing or breathing inadequately. It consists of a self-inflating bag, a one-way valve, and a face mask. Commonly used in emergencies, ambulances, and during CPR procedures.
Ammonia solution (technical grade) is a water-based solution of ammonia gas (NH₃), typically containing 25–30% ammonia. It is a colorless, pungent-smelling, alkaline liquid used in industrial cleaning, water treatment, fertilizers, and chemical manufacturing. Technical grade is not purified for food or pharmaceutical use. It is corrosive and toxic, requiring proper handling, ventilation, and protective equipment.
An autoclavable mechanical micropipette is a laboratory instrument used to accurately measure and transfer small volumes of liquids, typically ranging from 0.1 µL to 1000 µL. It is designed with durable materials that allow for sterilization in an autoclave at 121 °C, ensuring contamination-free usage. These micropipettes offer adjustable volume settings, ergonomic handling, and high accuracy and precision. They are widely used in molecular biology, microbiology, and analytical chemistry. The autoclavable feature makes them ideal for sterile environments, such as tissue culture or clinical labs. Their design ensures reliability and comfort during repetitive pipetting tasks.
A water bath is a laboratory device used to incubate samples at a constant temperature. It consists of a heated water chamber where test tubes or containers are placed. Commonly used in microbiology, chemistry, and biochemistry, it provides uniform heat distribution and is ideal for gentle heating or thawing samples.
Beaker is a common laboratory container used for mixing, stirring, and heating chemicals. It is usually made of glass or plastic and has a cylindrical shape with a flat bottom and a small spout for easy pouring. Beakers come in various sizes and have volume markings, but they are not used for precise measurements.
A Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC) is a ventilated laboratory workspace designed to protect the user, the environment, and the materials being handled from exposure to biohazards and infectious agents. It uses HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filters to clean the air entering and exiting the cabinet. Unlike chemical fume hoods, BSCs also maintain a sterile environment for sensitive biological samples. There are three main classes (I, II, and III), with Class II being the most commonly used in microbiology and biomedical labs.
A laboratory bladder is a flexible, inflatable membrane or container used in various experimental setups to simulate pressure, store gases or liquids, or mimic biological systems. Made from materials like latex or silicone, it is commonly used in fluid mechanics, biomedical research, or testing equipment to apply controlled pressure or volume changes.
Boiling flasks are used for heating and boiling of liquids. The flasks are designed to have round bodies with long, thin necks to facilitate uniform heat distribution and minimize evaporation. Boiling flasks are typically made of borosilicate glass, which is resistant to thermal shock and chemicals. Some boiling flasks have rounded or conical bottoms and need support to stand upright, while others have flat bottoms and can stand alone.
A bottle-top dispenser is a laboratory device mounted on reagent bottles to safely and accurately dispense specific volumes of liquid chemicals directly from the container. It is widely used to avoid spillage and reduce contamination during repetitive liquid handling.
Burette is a long, graduated glass tube with a tap at the bottom, used in laboratories to accurately deliver measured volumes of liquids, especially in titrations. It allows controlled addition of a solution to react with another in a flask. Burettes are marked with precise volume measurements, making them essential for quantitative chemical analysis.
